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Military Order of St. Henry
The Military Order of St. Henry (''Militär-St. Heinrichs-Orden'') was a military order of the Kingdom of Saxony, a member state of the German Empire. The order was the oldest military order of the states of the German Empire. It was founded on October 7, 1736 by Augustus III, King of Poland and Elector of Saxony. The order underwent several more revisions over the course of the 19th and early 20th centuries. It became obsolete with the fall of the Saxon monarchy in the wake of Germany's defeat in World War I.〔Some awards for actions before November 11, 1918, however, were still processed after the war's end.〕
==Classes==
The order came in four classes: Grand Cross (''Großkreuz''), Commander's Cross 1st Class (''Kommandeurkreuz I. Klasse''), Commander's Cross 2nd Class (''Kommandeurkreuz II. Klasse'') or sometimes just Commander, and Knight's Cross (''Ritterkreuz''). Generally, the rank of the recipient determined which grade he would receive - the Grand Cross went to monarchs and the highest field commanders, the Commander 1st Class to senior generals, the Commander 2nd Class to officers major and above (with a few exceptions) and the Knight's Cross to all officers. Again with few exceptions, one was required to have received a lower grade before receiving the next higher grade. During World War I, there were 12 awards of the Grand Cross, 14 awards of the Commander 1st Class, 153 awards of the Commander 2nd Class, and 2,728 awards of the Knight's Cross〔O'Connor, ''Aviation Awards'', p.18; Klietmann, ''Pour le Mérite und Tapferkeitsmedaille'', p.32.〕 As an example of the progression, Rupprecht, Crown Prince of Bavaria, a general and later field marshal, received the Knight's Cross in August 1914, the Commander 2nd Class in June 1915, the Commander 1st Class in January 1917, and the Grand Cross in May 1918.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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